Although recently modernity has been discussed typically whether in its general meanings or as its political modernity, these two terms have never been precisely defined and are hardly considered clear words. It merely can say that modernity – a word that appeared in 1823 according to Robert’s general dictionary – means the characteristics and features of what is modern, but Modern has a very vague meaning and often means “new” or “modern”. In this regard, it is related to modern courses, developments and various developments against the previous stage. This feature also stands against the “pre-modern” character, and therefore refers to a special stage in history, the Modern era, which dates from the renaissance to the end of the eighteenth century.
The investigation of political modernity, its developments and progress historically and practically is useful because on the one hand it determines the differences between the pre-modern state and the modern state, and on the other hand displays the fundamental renewal of the modern state. This investigation does not merely describe main characteristics of modern state, but also seeks to give a detailed definition of modern state in a way that is well understood by accurate nature and various consequences.
On the other hand, this review is politically and practically is beneficial because the issue of political modernity is not only specific to the past, but is now being studied in many countries that have openly rejected or have not yet fully established political modernity. Looking at this basic question provides both the possibility of understanding most of the situations of this era and helping to determine an appropriate behavior towards them. The reason of difficult lacks of political modernity is often the lack of modern state, and in this regard, a nature of the state is first discussed, and this issue comes before democratic issue. In order to stabilize democracy, a modern state must first be established.
Therefore, the question should always be properly investigated and suitable solution should be suggested that may be long-term and difficult. Although such a procedure may seem ineffective and insignificant, but in fact, it provides opportunities to overcome on investigations and incomplete solution. Particularly, it provides a deeper view of some of political situations and selects the best way to face them.
