Afterward the Industrial Revolution, the Treaty of Westphalia and the French Revolution, the nation-state emerged, resulting in dozens of nation-based states. However, the emergence of communism, the formation of the European Union during the Cold War, and the emergence of Islamists in the world, all of these waves weakened the idea of the nation-state. On the other hand, after the outbreak of the coronavirus and its consequences on the whole world, national thought and national state again returned and the measures of states during the spread of the epidemic again limited its size. It darkened the states more than ever, but the idea of the nation-state dates back to the emergence of right-wing movements in Europe that opposed immigrants and foreigners. Additionally, Britain’s withdrawal from the European Union, which has all pointed to the return of the nation-state in Europe, has been reinforced by the coronavirus pandemic.
With the arrival of Donald Trump for the first and second time in 2025, he emphasized the issue of the nation-state in the world’s largest military, economic and political state, in all three elections in the United States in which he participated. Some of the election slogans emphasized the US state, anti-immigration, strengthening the United States and cutting aid to other countries.
Instead, the wave has grown in Europe, where Hungary’s Prime Minister, Viktor Orban, supports the nation-state; despite his country’s membership in the European Union but he is considered a right-wing president. In general, right-wing parties are becoming stronger and stronger across Europe, and elections in all European countries indicate an increase in the number of votes and seats of the right-wing in all European countries without distinction, he predicted if this trend continues the right will win in many European countries in the near future. The European Union expected to dissolve in the future and the nation-state will be restored and rebuilt in Europe. Thus, it is expected that in the future, national movements will resurface around the world, while other religious and international movements will weaken after reaching the United States its spread throughout Europe and again throughout the world, which some writers have called Trumpism.
Of course, the Middle East is not excluded from this wave and is expected to include all countries in the Middle East and the region. Also the wave has an impact on the religious and Islamic wave of Shiites and Sunnis in the region, and the emergence of national sentiment due to the fact that most of the problems of the Kurdish people are national problems with all four states (Iraq, Turkey, Syria and Iran), the return of this wave will have an impact on the Kurdish cause in the region. Therefore, the Kurdish leadership in general and the Kurdistan Region in particular should be very aware of these developments and take advantage of these developments in a way that serves the interests of the Kurdish in the Kurdistan Region and other parts of Kurdistan Reinvigoration of national sentiment among the Kurds.
